Ni ingenzi cyane guhuza umurambararo w'imbere w'umugozi n'umugozi n'umurambararo w'inyuma n'umurambararo w'inyuma n'umurambararo w'inyuma igihe umugozi ushyizwemo. Iyo uburebure bw'umugozi burenze urugero, ubuso bwo guhuza buzatera kuzunguruka, byitwa creep. Iyo umugozi ubaye, uzangiza ubuso bwo guhuza, wangize umugozi cyangwa umugozi, kandi ifu yo kwangirika izagera muri uwo mugozi, bigatera ubushyuhe, guhinda no kwangirika. Kwivanga gukabije bizatuma umurambararo muto w'inyuma w'impeta y'inyuma cyangwa umurambararo munini w'imbere w'impeta y'inyuma, bizagabanya ubwiherero bw'imbere bw'umugozi. Byongeye kandi, ubuziranenge bw'imiterere y'umugozi n'imashini bizagira ingaruka ku buziranenge bw'umwimerere bw'impeta yo guhuza, bityo bigira ingaruka ku mikorere y'umugozi.
1.1 Guhitamo Fit 1.1.1 Imiterere y'umutwaro n'uburyo ukwiriye bigenwa hakurikijwe icyerekezo cy'umutwaro w'ubwikorezi n'uko impeta z'imbere n'inyuma zizenguruka, muri rusange harebwa Imbonerahamwe ya 1. Imbonerahamwe ya 1 n'imiterere y'ubwikorezi n'umutwaro izenguruka ibishushanyo bifite impeta y'imbere: izunguruka: icyerekezo cy'umutwaro uhoraho: impeta y'imbere ihamye umutwaro w'imbere impeta y'imbere, impeta y'inyuma umutwaro uhoraho IKORESHA fit interference (interference fit) impeta y'inyuma: iboneka fit running (clearance) impeta y'imbere: static negative circle: icyerekezo cy'umutwaro, n'impeta y'inyuma n'izunguruka impeta y'imbere: izunguruka: icyerekezo cy'umutwaro uhoraho: impeta y'inyuma ihamye umutwaro uhoraho impeta y'inyuma, impeta y'inyuma umutwaro uhoraho uboneka fit running (clearance) impeta y'inyuma: IKORESHA fit interference (interference fit) impeta y'inyuma: ity negative circle: icyerekezo cy'umutwaro uhoraho: hamwe n'impeta y'imbere izenguruka icyarimwe. 2) Ibyemewe Guhitamo fit ikwiriye, imiterere y'umutwaro w'ubwikorezi, ingano, imiterere y'ubushyuhe, gushyiraho ferri, gukuraho imiterere itandukanye. Iyo ferri ishyizwe ku gikonoshwa cy'urukuta ruto n'umugozi w'ubururu, ingano y'ingufu, ingano y'ingufu, gukuraho ferri, gukuraho imiterere itandukanye. Iyo ferri ishyizwe ku gikonoshwa cy'urukuta ruto n'umugozi w'ubururu, ingano y'ingufu igomba kuba nini kuruta iyo isanzwe. Igikonoshwa cyatandukanye gishobora guhindura byoroshye impeta y'inyuma y'icyuma gifata amapine, bityo impeta y'inyuma igomba gukoreshwa neza mu gihe ifite uburyo bwo guhuza imiterere idahindagurika. Mu gihe habayeho guhindagurika gukomeye, impeta y'imbere n'inyuma bigomba gukoresha uburyo bwo guhuza imiterere idahindagurika.
Fatanya n'inama rusange, reba imbonerahamwe ya 2, imbonerahamwe ya 3 imbonerahamwe ya 2 ubwikorezi bwa centripetal n'umugozi hamwe n'imiterere ikenewe (reba) umurambararo wa axle (mm) uruziga rw'umugozi uruziga reba umupira ubwikorezi bw'umugozi ubwikorezi bw'umugozi ubwikorezi bw'umugozi ubwikorezi bw'umugozi ubwikorezi bw'umugozi ubwikorezi bw'umugozi ubwikorezi bw'umugozi ubwikorezi bw'umugozi ubwikorezi bw'umugozi ubwikorezi bw'umugozi ubwikorezi bw'umugozi ubwikorezi bw'umugozi ubwikorezi bw'umugozi ubwikorezi bw'umugozi ubwikorezi bw'umugozi ubwikorezi bw'umugozi ubwikorezi bw'umugozi ubwikorezi bw'umugozi ubwikorezi bw'umugozi ubwikorezi bw'umugozi ubwikorezi bworoheje 0.06 Cr (1) ubwikorezi butandukanye bw'ibikoresho by'imizigo, pompe, blower, ikamyo, imashini zikora neza, igikoresho cy'imashini kiri munsi ya 18 -- Js5 iyo bikenewe n'urwego rwa p5, umurambararo w'imbere ukoresheje umupira w'ubwikorezi bw'umugozi w'ubuziranenge munsi ya 18 mm h5. Umutwaro usanzwe (0.06 ~ 0.13) Cr (1) Igice cy'ubwikorezi rusange cya turbine iciriritse n'inini ya moteri, pompe, spindle ya moteri, igikoresho cyo kohereza vitesi, imashini zikora imbaho munsi ya 18 -- N6 ibyuma bizunguruka bifite umurongo umwe hamwe n'ibyuma bizunguruka bifite umurongo umwe bishobora gukoreshwa k6, M6 aho gukoresha K5, M5. P6 140-200 40-65 R6 200-280 100-140 N6 -- 200-400 140-280 P6 -- 280-500 R6 -- Ibinyabiziga bya gari ya moshi n'inganda biremereye cyane (birenze 0.13Cr (1)) by'amashanyarazi, ba nyir'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi, moteri y'amashanyarazi, imashini z'ubwubatsi, imashini zicana -- 50-140 50-100 N6. Igikenewe ni kinini kuruta aho bearing iherereye - p6, 140-200, 100-140 - birenga 200, 140-200 r6 -- 200-500 r7. Itwara gusa umutwaro w'ibice by'inyubako, ikoreshwa aho ikoreshwa, ingano zose Js6 (j6) - imbonerahamwe ya 3. Ibyuma byo hagati bifite umwobo w'igikonoshwa. Imiterere ikurikizwa (ingero) intera y'umwobo w'inyuma, icyiciro cy'inyuguti, icyiciro cy'inyuguti, icyiciro rusange, icyiciro cy'urukuta, icyiciro cy'inyuma, icyiciro cy'imodoka, ibyiciro biremereye, ibyiciro by'imodoka, ibyiciro biremereye, ibyiciro by'imodoka. (crane) uruziga rw'umuhanda rugenda rugana ku ruhande rw'uruziga rwa P7 rugana ku cyerekezo cy'uruziga.
Umutwaro usanzwe, umutwaro uremereye w'imodoka (amapine y'umupira) umuvuduko N7 umutwaro woroheje cyangwa umukandara uhindura umutwaro umukandara wo gukanda, umukandara M7 ntabwo ari umutwaro w'icyerekezo umutwaro munini w'imodoka cyangwa umutwaro woroheje wa pompe crankshaft spindle moteri nini K7 impeta y'inyuma muri rusange ntabwo ijya mu cyerekezo cy'impeta y'inyuma ntabwo ikeneye icyerekezo cy'impeta y'inyuma ubwoko bw'imashini ifatana cyangwa ubwoko bw'imashini itandukanya umutwaro usanzwe cyangwa umutwaro woroheje JS7 (J7) impeta y'inyuma izabasha kwimurwa mu cyerekezo cy'impeta y'inyuma ikeneye impeta y'inyuma kugera mu cyerekezo cy'impeta y'imbere izunguruka umutwaro w'ubwoko bwose bw'imitwaro igice cy'agasanduku rusange k'imodoka ya gari ya moshi impeta y'inyuma H7 kugera mu cyerekezo cy'impeta y'inyuma byoroshye - umutwaro usanzwe cyangwa umutwaro woroheje shyiramo uruziga rw'imashini n'umutwaro H8 uruziga rwose mu mutwaro rusange, ubushyuhe bwinshi bw'impapuro zikora umutwaro woroheje G7, cyane cyane ukeneye gusya neza umutwaro uzunguruka inyuma y'umupira utwaye umutwaro wa centrifugal wihuta cyane umutwaro wo ku ruhande uhamye JS6 (J6) impeta y'inyuma ijya mu cyerekezo cy'impeta y'inyuma - ntabwo iyobora umutwaro inyuma y'umupira ukoresha umutwaro ... impeta y'inyuma ifite uburebure bw'uruhande ihamye ishyizwe mu cyerekezo cy'umutwaro mu buryo bw'ibanze, ikoreshwa ku gipimo cy'ingaruka zirenze K, ibisabwa byihariye mu gihe cy'ubuziranenge bwo hejuru, Ingano nto zemewe zigomba gukomeza gukoreshwa kuri buri gikorwa.
Umutwaro wo kuzunguruka kw'impeta y'imbere utandukanye, cyane cyane ukeneye kuzunguruka neza no gukomera cyane kwa spindle y'ibikoresho by'imashini hamwe n'impeta y'inyuma ifite umugozi wa M6 cyangwa N6 ishyizwe mu cyerekezo cy'umurongo w'inyuma kugira ngo ibikoresho byo mu rugo bikoreshwe mu buryo budakoresha urusaku impeta y'inyuma ya H6 igere ku cyerekezo cy'umurongo w'inyuma - 3), ubuziranenge bw'umurongo w'inyuma, agapfundikizo, n'umurongo w'inyuma w'ubushyuhe, ubuziranenge bw'agapfundikizo si bwiza, ubunini bwagatewe n'ubunini bwabwo ntibushobora kugaragaza imikorere ikenewe. Urugero, gushyiraho igice cy'urutugu niba ubuziranenge butari bwiza, impeta z'imbere n'inyuma zizagorama. Uretse umutwaro wo kuzunguruka, hamwe n'umutwaro winjijwe ku mpera, igihe cyo kurambirwa kw'agapfundikizo kizagabanuka, kandi ikirenzeho, kizaba impamvu yo kwangirika no gushwanyagurika mu kazu. Byongeye kandi, guhinduka kw'igishishwa bitewe n'umutwaro wo hanze ntabwo ari kinini. Ni ngombwa gushyigikira ubugari bw'agapfundikizo. Uko ubugari burushaho kuba bwinshi, niko urusaku n'imitwaro by'agapfundikizo birushaho kuba byiza.
Mu mikorere rusange, gutunganya imashini mu buryo burambuye cyangwa gutunganya imashini mu buryo burambuye bishobora kuba bibi. Ariko, ku bihe bisaba cyane ko imashini zizunguruka zikora neza kandi urusaku rukagera ku rugero rukabije, hagomba gukoreshwa uburyo bwo gusya bwa nyuma. Iyo hashyizwemo imiyoboro irenga ibiri mu gisenge cyose, ubuso bw'aho imashini ihurira bugomba kuba bwarakozwe kugira ngo bukorwe kandi butoborwe. Muri rusange, uburyo bwo gukoresha, uburyo bwo gushushanya, uburyo bwo gushushanya no kurangiza imashini bishobora kuba nk'uko bigaragara mu mbonerahamwe ya 4 iri hepfo. Imbonerahamwe ya 4 Ubwiza n'Ubuziranenge bw'aho utuye n'Irangira ry'amabere - Icyiciro cya AXIS cyo kwihanganisha uruziga - icyiciro cya 0, icyiciro cya 6, icyiciro cya 5, icyiciro cya 4 IT3 ~ IT42 2IT3 ~ IT42 2 IT4 ~ IT52 2IT2 ~ IT42 2 Kwihanganisha uruziga - icyiciro cya 0, icyiciro cya 6, icyiciro cya 5, icyiciro cya 4 IT3 ~ IT42 2IT2 ~ IT32 2 Kwihanganisha uruziga rw'inyuma - icyiciro cya 0, icyiciro cya 6, icyiciro cya 5, icyiciro cya 4 IT3IT3 IT3~IT4IT3 Iherezo ry'ubuso rihuye RMax y'ibere rito rinini 3.2 S6.3s 6.3 S12.5s.
Icyitwa impuzankano y'imbere y'umugozi yerekeza ku rugero rw'ingendo iyo impeta y'imbere cyangwa iy'inyuma y'umugozi ihamye mbere yuko impuzankano ishyirwa ku giti cyangwa agasanduku k'umugozi, hanyuma uruhande rutaringaniye rukagenda mu cyerekezo cya radial cyangwa axial. Dukurikije icyerekezo cy'ingendo, rushobora kugabanywamo impuzankano y'imirasire n'impuzankano y'imirasire. Mu gupima impuzankano y'imbere y'umugozi, kugira ngo agaciro kapimwe kagume gahamye, umutwaro w'ikizamini muri rusange ushyirwa ku mpeta. Kubwibyo, agaciro k'ikizamini karuta agaciro k'impuzankano nyayo, ni ukuvuga ingano y'inyongera y'impinduka ya elastic iterwa no gushyira umutwaro w'ikizamini. Agaciro nyako k'impuzankano y'imbere y'umugozi kagaragazwa muri Imbonerahamwe ya 4.5. Kwiyongera k'impuzankano guterwa no guhinduka kwa elastic kwavuzwe haruguru kurakosorwa. Guhinduka kwa elastic kwa roller bearings ni bike cyane. Imbonerahamwe ya 4.5 yo gukuraho ingaruka zo gukosora umutwaro w’ikizamini cya radial (uburebure bw’umugozi w’umupira w’amaguru) ibice: um nominal bearing model diameter d (mm) (N) gukosora umutwaro w’ikizamini cya clearance hejuru ya C2 C3 C4 C510 bisanzwe (harimo) 18 24.549 147 3 ~ 4 4 ~ 5 6 ~ 8 45 8 4 6 9 Mata 9 Mata 6 92.2 guhitamo uburebure bw’ikizamini cya bearing clearance, bitewe n’uko ubwiza bw’ikizamini bungana n’itandukaniro ry’ubushyuhe ku mpamvu z’imbere n’inyuma, muri rusange ni ntoya ugereranije n’ubwiza bw’ibanze. Ubwiza bw’ikizamini bufitanye isano rya hafi n’ubuzima bw’ikizamini, kwiyongera k’ubushyuhe, guhindagura n’urusaku, bityo bigomba gushyirwa ku rwego rwiza.
Mu buryo bw'imitekerereze, iyo icyuma gifata amashanyarazi kiri gukora, hamwe n'aho icyuma gifata amashanyarazi kiri hasi gato, igihe cyo gukoresha icyuma ni ntarengwa. Ariko biragoye cyane kugumana ubu buryo bwiza bwo gukoresha icyuma. Iyo imiterere y'imikorere ihindutse, uburebure bw'icyuma gifata amashanyarazi buziyongera uko bikwiye, ibyo bikazatuma ubuzima bw'icyuma gifata amashanyarazi bugabanuka cyane cyangwa ubushyuhe bugatangira. Kubwibyo, uburebure bw'icyuma gifata amashanyarazi muri rusange bugomba kuba burenga zeru gato. ISHUSHO YA 2 Impinduka z'uburebure bw'icyuma gifata amashanyarazi 2.3 Ibipimo byo guhitamo uburebure bw'icyuma gifata amashanyarazi Mu buryo bw'imitekerereze, uburebure bw'icyuma burushaho kwiyongera iyo hari uburebure bw'icyuma butari bwiza cyane mu gihe cy'imikorere myiza. Ariko mu by'ukuri, biragoye cyane kugumana ubu buryo bwiza. Iyo imiterere imwe n'imwe y'icyuma ihindutse, uburebure bw'icyuma buziyongera, bigatuma ubuzima bw'icyuma gifata amashanyarazi bugabanuka cyane. Kubwibyo, iyo uburebure bw'icyuma gifata amashanyarazi bukunze gutoranywa, uburebure bw'icyuma gifata amashanyarazi bugomba kuba burenga zeru gato gusa.
Ku byerekeye imitwaro isanzwe mu bihe bisanzwe, hazakoreshwa uburyo bwo guhuza imizigo isanzwe. Iyo umuvuduko n'ubushyuhe ari ibisanzwe, hagomba gutoranywa uruhusa rusanzwe kugira ngo haboneke uruhusa rukwiye rwo gukora. Imbonerahamwe ya 6 uruhusa rusanzwe cyane urugero nko gukoresha imiterere ikoreshwa mu gihe cyo kurekura imizigo iremereye, umutwaro w'impanuka, impanuka ku muvuduko munini w'ikinyabiziga cya gari ya moshi C3 vibrating ecran C3 na C4 ntibishobora kwishyura umutwaro w'icyerekezo, imbere n'inyuma ya traktori ya C4 ikoresha moteri itwara imodoka ya gari ya moshi, imashini igabanya cyangwa ikoresha impapuro z'ubushyuhe za C4, icyuma cyumutsa C3 na C4 mill roller kun C3 kugira ngo bigabanye ubwinshi bw'imizigo n'urusaku rwa micro-motor C2 ihinduranye kandi igenzure ubwinshi bw'umuvuduko wa spindle ya NTN (umurongo ubiri w'urukiramende rw'imizigo) C9NA, C0NA.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 30 Nyakanga-2020