Bearing shine ɓangaren da ke tallafawa shaft a cikin injina, kuma shaft ɗin yana iya juyawa akan bearing. China tana ɗaya daga cikin ƙasashe na farko a duniya da suka ƙirƙiro bearing masu birgima. A cikin tsoffin littattafan Sinanci, an daɗe ana rubuta tsarin bearing ɗin axle."
Tarihin ci gaban Bearing a China
Shekaru dubu takwas da suka wuce, tukwane masu amfani da injinan tuƙa a hankali sun bayyana a China
Tayar tukwane faifan faifai ne mai madaidaicin sandar juyawa. Ana sanya yumbu mai gauraye ko yumbu mai kauri a tsakiyar dabaran don sa tayoyin su juya, yayin da yumbun ake siffanta shi da hannu ko kuma a goge shi da kayan aiki. Tayar tukwane a kan saurin juyawarsa ana raba ta zuwa tayoyi masu sauri da kuma tayoyi masu jinkirin tafiya, ba shakka, ana haɓaka tayar mai sauri bisa ga tayar mai jinkirin tafiya. A cewar sabbin bayanan kayan tarihi, an haifi tayar mai jinkirin tafiya, ko kuma ta samo asali, shekaru 8,000 da suka gabata. A watan Maris na 2010, an gano tushen tayar tukwane na katako a wurin al'adu na Quahuqiao, wanda ya tabbatar da cewa fasahar tayar tukwane a China ta fi shekaru 2000 baya fiye da ta yammacin Asiya. Wato, China ta fara amfani da bearings, ko kuma ka'idar amfani da bearings, kafin yammacin Asiya.
Tushen ƙafafun tukwane na katako kamar dandamalin trapezoidal ne, kuma akwai ƙaramin silinda da aka ɗaga a tsakiyar dandamalin, wanda shine sandar ƙafafun tukwane. Idan aka yi tebur na juyawa kuma aka sanya shi a kan tushen ƙafafun tukwane na katako, ana gyara cikakkiyar ƙafafun tukwane. Bayan an yi ƙafafun tukwane, ana sanya tayin tukwane mai jika a kan farantin juyawa kuma a daidaita shi da kyau. Ana juya farantin juyawa da hannu ɗaya kuma jikin taya da za a gyara za a taɓa shi da kayan aikin itace, ƙashi ko dutse da ɗayan hannun. Bayan juyawa da yawa, ana iya barin tsarin igiyar zagaye da ake so akan jikin taya. Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, teburin juyawa yana cikin wannan, kuma akwai sandar tallafi, wanda shine samfurin ɗaukar bearing.
An nuna tsarin tayar tukwane a cikin hoton da ke ƙasa:
Hoton da ke ƙasa shine gyaran ƙafafun sauri, wanda aka gina akan ƙafafun sauri a Daular Tang. Ya kamata ya zama mafi ci gaba fiye da ƙafafun sauri na asali, amma ƙa'idar ta kasance iri ɗaya, sai dai cewa kayan an canza su daga itace zuwa ƙarfe.
Hoton da ke ƙasa shine gyaran ƙafafun sauri, wanda aka gina akan ƙafafun sauri a Daular Tang. Ya kamata ya zama mafi ci gaba fiye da ƙafafun sauri na asali, amma ƙa'idar ta kasance iri ɗaya, sai dai cewa kayan an canza su daga itace zuwa ƙarfe.
Zamanin Regulus, tatsuniya ta mota
Littafin Waƙoƙi ya rubuta man shafawa na bearings
An rubuta man shafawa a cikin Littafin Waƙoƙi kimanin 1100-600 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa (AS). Bayyanar bearings masu sauƙi ya nuna buƙatar man shafawa ko kuma ya haɓaka ci gaban tribology. Yanzu an san cewa man shafawa galibi ana amfani da shi a cikin tsoffin motoci, amma fitowar man shafawa ba ta bayyana sosai kamar fitowar motoci ba. Saboda haka, yana da matukar wahala a tattauna ainihin lokacin bayyanar man shafawa. Ta hanyar bincike da neman kayan aiki, an sami bayanan farko game da man shafawa a cikin Littafin Waƙoƙi. Littafin Waƙoƙi shine tarin waƙoƙi na farko a China. Saboda haka, waƙar ta samo asali ne daga farkon Daular Zhou zuwa tsakiyar bazara da Lokacin Kaka, wato, daga ƙarni na 11 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa (AS) zuwa ƙarni na 6 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa (AS). A cikin bayanin ƙugiyar "fen spring" na Littafin Waƙoƙi, an bayyana ƙugiyar "kitse da ƙugiya, akan ƙugiyar" T "kuma" babu wata illa "a matsayin" maɓallin ƙarshen axle "a zamanin da. Ana amfani da shi a cikin tsoffin motoci, daidai yake da abin da muke kira fil, ta ƙarshen shaft, ana iya zama "ikon sarrafawa" ta ƙafafun kai tsaye, don haka a gyara gatari na ƙafafun mota; kuma "mai" ba shakka man shafawa ne, "dawowa" shine komawa gida, "mai" yana da sauri. Tare da mai, man shafawa na axle, a ƙarshen shaft, duba fil, tuƙi tafiya mai nisa, aika ni gida. yi sauri zuwa garinmu wei ah! Kada ka bar ni in ji laifi.
Daular Qin da Han mai siffar tayi
Saboda daular Zhou, Qin, da Han kan ƙirƙira da amfani da fasahar bearing, ga wasu muhimman rubuce-rubucen al'adu a cikin daular Qin da han, an rubuta kuma sau da yawa ana amfani da su don ɗauke da rubutu bayyananne, balagagge game da ɗaukar kalmomi na musamman, ɗaya daga cikin "axis" da aka fi sani da "ruwa-kwaikwayo-kwaikwayo" "jian" da wasu kalmomi da kuma "axis" da sauransu akan babban fi'ili (duba cewa wen jie zi "). (Bearing Encyclopedia ID: ZCBK2014) Bayyanar haruffan Japan na zamani akan bearing har yanzu "yana shafar axially". A cikin haruffan xiaozhuan na Daular Qin, akwai axis, aiki, mace da sauran haruffa. Daga ma'anar asali na Halayen Daular Han, "axis" yana riƙe da ƙafa, "yana gada" kuma yana karɓar ƙafa, ƙarfe akan cibiyar "ƙirƙira" da ƙarfe akan axial "mace", a bayyane yake cewa an kafa ra'ayin al'adu da nau'in rubutu na bearing a cikin daular Qin da Han.
Kayan aikin da aka sauƙaƙa na daular Yuan ya yi amfani da fasahar tallafawa birgima ta silinda
Kayan aiki mai sauƙi ta amfani da dabarar tallafi mai siffar silinda. Kayan aiki mai sauƙi an samo shi ne daga siffar armillary. Mita mai siffar armillary shine labarin lura da sararin samaniya. Ana iya raba sassan mita mai siffar armillary zuwa sassa masu tallafi da sassan motsi. Sassan tallafi sun haɗa da harsashin ruwa, ginshiƙin dragon, zoben tian Jing mai siffar biyu, zoben equatorial guda ɗaya, da cibiyar tushe ta ruwa tian zhu, da sauransu. Hoton da ke ƙasa yana nuna manyan sassan tallafi da ado na siffar armillary a sarari.
Yunkurin da Daular Qing ta ƙarshen zamani ta yi ya taka rawa wajen ci gaban masana'antar injina ta China, kuma masana'antar bearings ta yi tasiri. A watan Disamba na 2002, ƙungiyar bincike ta fasahar bearings ta China ta je Turai ta gano saitin bearings na Daular Qing ta China a ɗakin baje kolin bearings na SKF a Sweden. Wannan saitin bearings ne na nadi. Zobba, keji da biredi suna kama da bearings na zamani. A cewar bayanin samfurin, bearings "bearings ne na birgima da aka yi a China a wani lokaci a ƙarni na 19."
Lokacin Saƙo: Maris-22-2022